Task
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GENERAL KNOWLEDGE/SKILL |
MINIMUM COMPETENCE BREADTH |
MINIMUM COMPETENCE DEPTH |
ABOVE MINIMUM COMPETENCE |
Understandand apply basic and special core analysis.
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Understand the conventional lab techniquesfor determining Ø, permeability and fluid saturations and know how tointerpret the data. |
Use routine core analysis data togroup/correlate core data and determine permeability variation andheterogeneity. |
Understand and apply special core analysesincluding capillary pressure/saturation-height relationships, correlationwith well logs, estimation of free water level/transition zone, pore sizedistribution and relative permeability. |
Performreservoir characterization
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Understand how routine core analysis isused to identify net pay and fluid contacts. |
Understand how routine core analysis isused to identify net pay and fluid contacts. |
Using core and RFT data, integratereservoir performance and well tests with geoscience data to determinereservoir layering and continuity. Reconcile measured data with knowndepositional environment. |
Conductlog analysis and interpretation.
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Understand the importance of various welllogs to well correlation of petrophysical data. |
Apply well log results (resistivity,FDC/CNL, gamma ray and sonic logs in open hole completions; and CBL, TDT,diplog, carbon oxygen and production logs in cased holes) to correlate porousand non-porous lithologic members from logs and cores. Interpret a productionlogging survey. |
Performquantitative interpretation andanalysis in open hole and cased hole environments. Determine individual layerpressures and contribution to the total flow from each separate layer. |
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PerformPVT analysis.
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Understand the significance of oil, gasand water PVT data and measurement, and application techniques. |
Assess validity of PVT data, and adjustresults to correct errors. Estimate PVT data from oil and gas properties andcorrelations. |
Calculate PVT data from oil and gascompositional analysis using correlations or non-EOS model. |
Understandand determine oil and gas phase behavior.
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Understand the principles of phasebehavior to distinguish the general properties and behavior of black oil,volatile oil, gas condensate and dry gas reservoir fluids. |
Understand the principles of Equation ofState and its use in fluid characterization. |
Determine/analyze compositional effects. |
Determineinitial reservoir conditions and fluid contacts.
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Calculate Bo above bubble point using oilcompressibility. |
Estimate reservoir pressure frominterpretation of RFT/MDT survey. |
Estimate reservoir pressure frominterpretation of pressure transient tests. |
Analyzesingle/multi-phase flow under reservoir conditions.
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Calculate Bo above bubble point using oilcompressibility. |
Assess the productivity effects ofrelative permeability, imbibition, heterogeneity andgravity/capillary/viscous forces, fluid flow calculations. |
Determine the productivity effects ofrelative permeability, imbibition, heterogeneity andgravity/capillary/viscous forces. |
Determineinitial oil or gas in place.
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Calculate original oil or gas in placefromrock and fluid properties and geologic isopach maps. Understand materialbalance principles for determining initial oil or gas in plac |
Apply material balance techniques,including gas cap and water influx, for determining initial oil and gas inplace. |
Incorporate J-curve Sw vs. height into oiland gas in place calculations. Manipulate various forms of material balanceequations and determine most appropriate form for use for any type ofsituation to calculate original oil and gas in place. |
Useconventional well test analysis to understand and perform reservoir analysis.
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Understand the principles of well testdesign and analysis to evaluate well performance and reservoircharacteristics. |
Apply conventional well test data (includingpressure build-up, draw down, fall-off/injection) to determine wellperformance and reservoir characteristics. Calculate vertical/horizontal wellproductivity indices. |
Be familiar with testing and data fromstimulated wells (hydraulically fractured, acid) and the use of tracer teststo analyze fluid flow paths. Calculate cold water skin effect for injectionwells. |
Applyrelevant oil and gas reserves definitions.
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Understand the differences betweendifferent reserve categories, including proved, probable and possiblecategories. |
Understand the differences betweendifferent reserve categories, including proved, probable and possiblecategories. |
Understand and be able to applystatistical methods or reserve estimation using probability using appropriateranges of uncertainty and probability estimates. |
Performoil and gas recovery estimates.
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Understand appropriate ranges of recoveryfactors for given rock and fluid properties and drive mechanisms. |
Assess appropriate recovery factor rangesand calculate recoveries for field or reservoir applying conventional(deterministic & performance) methods and drive mechanisms. |
Develop techniques to improve recoveryfactor for a wide range of rock and fluid properties for various recoverymethods using a variety of techniques. |
Understandfluid flow characteristics of oil reservoirs and determine reservoirperformance.
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Understand various methods of assessingreservoir performance from production data. |
Apply principles of drive mechanisms,material balance, pressure maintenance, recovery estimating, decline analysisand volumetrics to determine oil reservoir performance. Determine where toperforate production and injection wells taking into account degree ofpressure communication and impermeable barriers. |
Apply coning and multi-phase flow analysisto oil recovery calculations and optimal field development. Recommend when tocease production and recomplete a well. |
Understandfluid flow characteristics of gas reservoirs and determine reservoirperformance.
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Understand various methods of assessingreservoir performance from production data. |
Use drive mechanism, material balance (gasand condensate) for recovery estimation, decline analysis and volumetrics todetermine gas reservoir performance. |
Apply coning aspects of gas, back pressureand isochronal testing and tubing hydraulics and deliverability; applicationof optimal field development. |
Analyzereservoir/fluid recovery under secondary or improved recovery mechanisms.
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Know the main enhanced recovery mechanismsand have an appreciation of their application |
Understand the principles ofreservoir/fluid behavior and recovery processes under miscible, chemicalflooding, steam based thermal and combustion processes. |
Apply concepts of process design (e.g.profile control, pressures, temperatures, fluid composition, injectivityetc.) to compute incremental recovery performance. |
Understandand apply recovery processes to recovery from non-conventional gasreservoirs.
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Know the main recovery processes from nonconventional gas reservoirs, including shales and coal beds. |
Calculate reserves and well/reservoirperformance for tight, fractured; understand the principles of productionperformance of coal-bed methane gas reservoirs. |
Understand analysis of gas recovery andwater removal for coal-bed methane gas production. Assess recovery from CBMwells. |
Evaluatereservoir performance using reservoir simulation
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Understand and apply reservoir simulationto analyze reservoir performance and optimize reservoir development. |
Use basic reservoir engineeringprinciples, including flow through porous media, relative permeability, nodalanalysis and multi-phase flow to evaluate single well applications and blackoil or gas reservoirs. |
Be familiar with specialized simulationtechniques (such as matrix solution methods, numerical analysis,vectorization, finite element/difference analysis and parallel processing).Determine areas of the reservoir that are unswept or inefficiently drainedand identify new well locations with geological input. Know and be able touse company or commercial simulation software to characterize the reservoir,history match, and predict future performance. |
Understandand apply decision & risk analysis to estimate recovery factor andreservoir performance prediction.
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Understand the concepts of decision andrisk analysis and have an appreciation of the key factors that controluncertainty in recovery factor and reservoir performance. |
Can determine the key reservoirengineering and geoscience factors that influence recovery factor, number ofwells required and production profile. |
Can quantify reservoir engineeringuncertainties in the context of other uncertainties using appropriate rangesof uncertainty and appropriate decision and risk analysis techniques. |
ReservoirSurveillance
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Awareness of reservoir surveillance. Ableto access essential data and provide ideas for improvements. |
Able to provide specific performanceimprovement recommendations through recompletions, new drilling, injectionpattern changes, etc. Establish plans and procedures to effect same. |
Develop near- and long-term production andreserve targets for reservoirs. Actively follow reservoir performance andprovide solutions to shortcomings from targets. |
