【每日一词】【5.7-5.8】之secondary recovery——摘自斯伦贝谢网站的Oilfield Glossary [复制链接]

                                                                                                                            secondary recovery二次采收率
1.  n.  [Production Enhancement] ID: 11159
The second stage of hydrocarbon production during which an external fluid such as water or gas is injected into the reservoir through injection wells located in rock that has fluid communication with production wells. The purpose of secondary recovery is to maintain reservoir pressure and to displace hydrocarbons toward the wellbore.
The most common secondary recovery techniques are gas injection and waterflooding. Normally, gas is injected into the gas cap and water is injected into the production zone to sweep oil from the reservoir. A pressure-maintenance program can begin during the primary recovery stage, but it is a form or enhanced recovery.
The secondary recovery stage reaches its limit when the injected fluid (water or gas) is produced in considerable amounts from the production wells and the production is no longer economical. The successive use of primary recovery and secondary recovery in an oil reservoir produces about 15% to 40% of the original oil in place.
 
大家可以从二次采油的方式进行跟帖子

enhanced oil recovery
提高采收率 简称EOR
1.  n.  [Production Enhancement] ID: 11160

An oil recovery enhancement method using sophisticated techniques that alter the original properties of oil. Once ranked as a third stage of oil recovery that was carried out after secondary recovery, the techniques employed during enhanced oil recovery can actually be initiated at any time during the productive life of an oil reservoir. Its purpose is not only to restore formation pressure, but also to improve oil displacement or fluid flow in the reservoir.

The three major types of enhanced oil recovery operations are chemical flooding (alkaline flooding or micellar-polymer flooding), miscible displacement (carbon dioxide [CO2] injection or hydrocarbon injection), and thermal recovery (steamflood or in-situ combustion). The optimal application of each type depends on reservoir temperature, pressure, depth, net pay, permeability, residual oil and water saturations, porosity and fluid properties such as oil API gravity and viscosity.

Enhanced oil recovery is also known as improved oil recovery or tertiary recovery and it is abbreviated as EOR.

waterdrive
1.  n.  [Well Completions] ID: 2889
A reservoir-drive mechanism whereby the oil is driven through the reservoir by an active aquifer. As the reservoir depletes, the water moving in from the aquifer below displaces the oil until the aquifer energy is expended or the well eventually produces too much water to be viable.
See: reservoir, reservoir-drive mechanisms
2.  n.  [Production Enhancement] ID: 11380
A primary recovery mechanism in which the pressure from free water is sufficient to move hydrocarbons out of the reservoir, into the wellbore and up to surface.
Waterdrive reservoirs can have bottomwater drive or edgewater drive. In a bottomwater-drive reservoir, water is located beneath the oil accumulation, while in an edgewater-drive reservoir, water is located only on the edges of the reservoir.

micellar-polymer flooding  (胶束)聚合物驱
1.  n.  [Production Enhancement]    ID: 11165

An enhanced oil recovery technique in which a micelle solution is pumped into a reservoir through specially distributed injection wells. The chemical solution reduces the interfacial and capillary forces between oil and water and triggers an increase in oil production.

The procedure of a micellar-polymer flooding includes a preflush (low-salinity water), a chemical solution (micellar or alkaline), a mobility buffer and, finally, a driving fluid (water), which displaces the chemicals and the resulting oil bank to production wells.

gas-cap drive

1.  n.  [Production Enhancement] ID: 11083

A type of reservoir-drive mechanism in which the energy for the transport and production of reservoir fluids is provided by the expansion of gas either in the gas cap or inside the oil phase.

flow Correlation

Downcomer Flow Correlation. These are essentially Risers with downflow and can be assigned a component-specific Flow Correlation and Calibration Factor, because the characteristics of downflow are radically different.

Select the Vertical Flow Correlation to use for Downcomer Nodes from the drop-down menu. The Downcomer option allows the Well and Surface Tubing to be partitioned into a total of three groups, each with a different Flow Correlation and/or L-Factor. The WellFlo nomenclature suggests that the Component angle from the vertical will be around 0 for Risers, around 90 for Flow Lines, and around 180 for Downcomers, but the chosen Component group dictates no more than the initial default angle for a new Component.

•   Downcomer L-Factor. Enter a multiplier to apply to all Pressure Drops computed in the Downcomer Components (the effect on Pressure Drops is described in the General section above).

•   Pipeline Flow Correlation. This is used for Surface Components beyond the Wellhead/Xmas Tree (e.g. Flow Lines, but not Risers or Downcomers). Select the Horizontal Flow Correlation to use for Flow Line and Bend Nodes from the drop-down menu.

•   Pipeline L-Factor. Enter a multiplier to apply to all Pressure Drops computed in the Flow Line and Bend Components (the effect on Pressure Drops is described in the section above).

•   Sub-Critical Choke L-Factor. Enter a multiplier to apply to all Sub-Critical Pressure Drops computed in the Choke, Restriction or SSSV Components. The Sub-Critical Choke L-Factor simply re-scales the Pressure Drop computed across the Choke in Sub-Critical Flow.

•   Choke Correlation. Select the Choke Correlation to use from the drop-down menu. The Choke Correlation is for Critical Flow with Black Oil Systems or low GLR (< 10,000 scf/STB) Gas/Condensate/Volatile Oil systems. It will only be applied for a particular Component if the Use Critical Flow Equation checkbox option is checked; if this checkbox option is unchecked, the Sub-Critical Flow equation will be used for these Components.