Abstract
Drilling is more challenging when the pore pressure is anomalous because it is higher or lower than the normal hydrostatic pressure for a depth of interest.
当孔隙压力异常时钻井将变得十分困难，因为其或高于或低于同等深度下的静液柱压力。
This study is based on a review of pore-pressure analysis of more than 100 deepwater wells in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM).
本文基于对墨西哥湾一百多口井的孔隙分析后总结而成。
The intent in reviewing the data was to define what area/depth and conditions create the greatest risk of anomalous pore pressure.
目的在于指出在什么样的地区或深度及条件下的异常孔隙压力才能导致最大的风险。
Both geological and geomechanical factors, such as salt structure and in-situ stress regime, were considered to determine the underlying cause.
包括地质和岩土力学因素，例如盐体结构和地应力状态，都是潜在的诱因。
Overcompaction from tectonic forces or salt structures was identified as a key factor in generating anomalous pore pressure.
构造应力或盐体结构造成的过压实作用是已确定的导致异常孔隙压力的关键诱因。
By studying the combination of different sets of log measurements, such as gamma ray (GR) sonic travel time (DT), resistivity (RES), and density (RHOB), each anomaly related to pore-pressure distribution was examined in more detail, reviewing the circumstances under which the anomalous pore pressure occurred and, whenever possible, identifying the underlying cause.
通过研究测井曲线组合，如伽马测井，声波时差测井，电阻率测井，密度测井等，与孔隙压力分布相关的异常可以更加详细的检测出来，评估发生异常孔隙压力的周围甚至确定诱因。
Through a better understanding of the relationship between pore pressure and in-situ stress, an improved methodology for predrill pore-pressure and fracture-gradient prediction for deepwater wells has been developed.
通过更好地了解孔隙压力与地应力二者之间的关系，提出深水井的钻前孔隙压力和破裂压力预测理论。
Normalized stress data trends, including both pore pressure and in-situ stresses from different GOM regions, were plotted as a tool to compare the relationship between the pore pressure and in-situ stress regime.
包括来自墨西哥湾不同地区的孔隙压力和地应力状态的标准化的应力数据动态，绘制成一个用于对比孔隙压力和地应力状态的图。
The coupling effects between pore pressure and in-situ stress outline best-practice methodology for defining anomalous pore pressure across the GOM.
在墨西哥湾，孔隙压力和地应力的耦合的效果优于传统方法定义的异常孔隙压力。
The solution can lead to an effective approach to detecting anomalous pore-pressure distribution, which is particularly important when deepwater drilling because the operating safety margin decreases as the water depth increases, and there is also an urgent need in stimulation to have more knowledge and control of the prediction process for pore pressure.
这种方案是检测异常孔隙压力分布的有效方法，它对于深水钻井十分重要，因为随着水深的增加，操作安全系数也要增加，并且孔隙压力的预测过程迫切需要更多的知识和控制。
