106850 Worldwide Coalbed Methane Overview [复制链接]

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Paper Number 106850-MS
Title Worldwide Coalbed Methane Overview

Authors Alex Chakhmakhchev, IHS

Source SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, 1-3 April, Dallas, Texas

Copyright 2007. Society of Petroleum Engineers


Preview Abstract

Recent coal bed methane (CBM) success in North America has been due to a number of coincidental factors such as the existence of extended coal basins, strong gas prices, a dense distribution network, and little competition with declining conventional gas production. Strong demand for both oil and gas is pushing the rest of the world (especially Australia, China and India) to speed up CBM developments. However favorable geological factors such as occurrence of thick gas-rich coal seams with good porosity/permeability characteristics do not necessarily coexist with an ideal business environment in many of these countries. Outside of the North America, Australia has the most commercially advanced CBM industry. The country contains about 30 coal-bearing basins, mostly Permian and Mesozoic in age. Based on IHS data, proven reserves in Australia have been estimated at nearly 9 tcf. In China, an estimate size of CBM resources is very impressive at about 1,200 tcf. The question is: What portion of these resources is commercially recoverable? Today most of the CBM projects in China are in exploration or initial development phases. Key International CBM players in China are Chevron, Greka, BP, Far East Energy, ConocoPhillips and Canadian companies - Terra, Ivana, Verona. India is also making an effort to attract both local and international companies to explore CBM potential in the country. Three bid rounds held in 2001, 2003 and 2006 were successful. Under the latest 2006 bid round, CBM exploration blocks were awarded to Australian, U.S. and European companies. Indonesia is currently preparing new legislation regarding the exploitation of CBM. The new legislation is expected to be completed in 2007. The government had been expected to open to tender the first acreage specifically designed for CBM exploration and production in order to exploit Indonesia's as yet untapped resources of CBM, estimated at 453 tcf. Both Vietnam and Mongolia signed CBM contracts with Canadian companies. Definitely these countries have geologic potential for CBM, however, lack of infrastructure and uncertain gas price raise many questions. From a commercial standpoint, West Europe is favorable for CBM developments; however, environmental issues and lack of gas-saturated coal seams extended over large areas may slow down full-scale production from coal beds. Much less is known about CBM potential in Eastern Europe including Poland, Romania, Ukraine, and Bulgaria. In several Latin American countries CBM exploration efforts are in their initial phases. Some countries are offering incentives to CBM investors, which make CBM exploration and production a feasible alternative to conventional gas. On the other side, there are fiscal regimes designed for conventional hydrocarbons that do not provide investors reasonable returns under traditionally low gas prices in those countries.

就是翻译这段摘要呀？？

我翻译这段摘要，可以吗？

Paper Number 106850-MS
Title Worldwide Coalbed Methane Overview

Authors Alex Chakhmakhchev, IHS

Source SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, 1-3 April, Dallas, Texas

Copyright 2007. Society of Petroleum Engineers


Preview Abstract
    近期北美煤层气的成功在于许多因素的综合作用造成成的，这些因素包括含煤盆地的扩展、坚挺的天然气价格、配电网的加密以及天然气产量几乎没有竞争等等。全世界，特别是澳大利亚、中国和印度，对石油和天然气的双重强烈需求正在推动煤层气的加速开发。但是，在这些国家，有利的地质因素，诸如拥有好的孔隙度和渗透率特征的厚富气层等因素并没有和良好的商业环境结合起来。在北美以外的国家中，澳大利亚拥有最先进的商业化的煤层气工业，它有30个中生代的煤层盆地。根据全球工程学会数据，澳大利亚的探明储量已经接近9 tcf。中国的煤层气资源预计规模非常大，约为1,200 tcf。 问题是这些资源到底有多大比例是具有商业价值的？今天，中国的大多数煤层气工程都是处在勘探阶段和初期开发阶段。在中国煤层气的“玩家”主要是Chevron公司, Greka公司, BP公司, Far East Energy公司, ConocoPhillips公司和加拿大公司（Terra公司, Ivana公司和 Verona公司）。印度也正在努力吸引当地和国际大公司来开发国家的煤层气潜能。在2001年、2003年和2006年举行的三次投标会都非常成功。在2006年的投标会上，煤层气的拍卖给了澳大利亚、美国和欧洲公司。印尼目前正在准备新的关于煤层气勘探的立法，新的立法有望于在2007年完成。为了开发印尼的未开发的预计规模为453 tcf的资源，政府已经希望开放煤层气勘探开发的第一个区块。越南和蒙古均表示了就煤层气和加拿大公司接触的意思。很明显，这些国家拥有煤层气的地质潜力，但缺乏下部措施，而且不定的天然气价格也引起很多问题。按照商业标准，西欧最适合煤层气的开发；但是环境问题和富气煤田的缺乏好像延伸了很大的面积，可能降低了煤层的产量。煤层气潜力在东欧，包括波兰，罗马尼亚、乌克兰和保加利亚都没怎么听说过。在一些拉丁国家，煤层气的勘探都处在初级阶段，使煤层气的勘探和开发为常规天然气提供了另一个选择。另一方面，那些国家财政支出都是为常规烃设计的，在传统较低的天然气价格体系下，没有给投资者提供合理的回报。

轻松搞定，期待阅贴！！！

在中国煤层气的“玩家”太直接翻译了吧，最好采用中国常用语言翻译

本来想意译来着，但觉得还是直译更能体现原文的写作风格。

谢谢你的指教！！

什么报酬？


Preview Abstract

Recent coal bed methane (CBM) success in North America has been due to a number of coincidental factors such as the existence of extended coal basins, strong gas prices, a dense distribution network, and little competition with declining conventional gas production. Strong demand for both oil and gas is pushing the rest of the world (especially Australia, China and India) to speed up CBM developments. However favorable geological factors such as occurrence of thick gas-rich coal seams with good porosity/permeability characteristics do not necessarily coexist with an ideal business environment in many of these countries. Outside of the North America, Australia has the most commercially advanced CBM industry. The country contains about 30 coal-bearing basins, mostly Permian and Mesozoic in age. Based on IHS data, proven reserves in Australia have been estimated at nearly 9 tcf. In China, an estimate size of CBM resources is very impressive at about 1,200 tcf. The question is: What portion of these resources is commercially recoverable? Today most of the CBM projects in China are in exploration or initial development phases. Key International CBM players in China are Chevron, Greka, BP, Far East Energy, ConocoPhillips and Canadian companies - Terra, Ivana, Verona. India is also making an effort to attract both local and international companies to explore CBM potential in the country. Three bid rounds held in 2001, 2003 and 2006 were successful. Under the latest 2006 bid round, CBM exploration blocks were awarded to Australian, U.S. and European companies. Indonesia is currently preparing new legislation regarding the exploitation of CBM. The new legislation is expected to be completed in 2007. The government had been expected to open to tender the first acreage specifically designed for CBM exploration and production in order to exploit Indonesia's as yet untapped resources of CBM, estimated at 453 tcf. Both Vietnam and Mongolia signed CBM contracts with Canadian companies. Definitely these countries have geologic potential for CBM, however, lack of infrastructure and uncertain gas price raise many questions. From a commercial standpoint, West Europe is favorable for CBM developments; however, environmental issues and lack of gas-saturated coal seams extended over large areas may slow down full-scale production from coal beds. Much less is known about CBM potential in Eastern Europe including Poland, Romania, Ukraine, and Bulgaria. In several Latin American countries CBM exploration efforts are in their initial phases. Some countries are offering incentives to CBM investors, which make CBM exploration and production a feasible alternative to conventional gas. On the other side, there are fiscal regimes designed for conventional hydrocarbons that do not provide investors reasonable returns under traditionally low gas prices in those countries.

近期北美煤层气业务所取得的成功取决于下列因素的共同作用：探明含煤盆地范围扩大、天然气价格坚挺、配气网更加密集、常规天然气产量下降影响了竞争力。对石油、天然气的强势需求促使世界上其它国家（特别是澳大利亚、中国和印度）加快了对煤层气资源的开发进度。然而那些国家往往是要么缺乏生成煤层气所必须的良好地质条件，如孔隙度/渗透性好的厚段富含气煤层，要么是缺乏合适的商务环境。在北美以外的地区，澳大利亚在煤层气商务利用领域所取得的成就最大。澳大利亚有30个含煤盆地，其中绝大多数都是二叠纪和中生代盆地。根据HIS数据推测，澳大利亚的煤层气储量约9 tcf。中国的煤层气储量为1200tcf，相当可观的储量。现在的问题在于：这些储量中，到底有多少具有商业开发价值？目前，中国的绝大多数煤层气项目都处于勘探或初步开发阶段。一些国际上比较知名的煤层气从业者如Chevron, Greka, BP, Far East Energy, ConocoPhillips and Canadian companies - Terra, Ivana, Verona等都已涉足中国的煤层气产业。印度在吸引国内外公司勘探本国煤层气资源方面也做了不少工作。印度在2001、2003、2006举行的煤层气招标项目进行得还算成功。近期的2006年招标会上，澳大利亚、美国和欧洲的一些公司获得了区块勘探权。印尼正打算在煤层气勘探领域方面制订一部新法律，此法律预计于2007年期间完成。印尼政府希望能就本国的煤层气资源开发举行首轮煤层气勘探和生产项目招标，印尼的煤层气储量尚未经过准确计算，预计储量在453tcf左右。越南和蒙古也与加拿大公司签署了煤层气生产合同。毫无疑问，这些国家拥有良好的煤层气地质条件，然而缺乏必要的基础设施以及煤层气价格的不确定性也会引发很多问题。从商业角度上讲，西欧在煤层气开发方面的条件十分优越，然而环保问题及西欧国家缺乏大块的含饱和天然气煤层，则使得这些国家始终没有进入煤层气的全速生产阶段。对东欧国家，如波兰、罗马尼亚、乌克兰等国的煤层气开发状况，人们则知之甚少。拉美有几个国家也开始了煤层气勘探工作，不过仍然处于勘探初期阶段。一些国家对煤层气投资人采取了激励措施以促进煤层气的勘探和开采，并且希望有朝一日煤层气能取代常规天然气。与之相反，有些对常规烃类更热衷的国家，则常常根据本国天然气价格低廉的国情，没有给予煤层气投资人合理的投资回报。
   

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