【Intelligent Autonomous Fields. 】Traditionally, the term intelligent field refers to integrating all relevant field information—including reservoir pressure and temperature, wellhead fluid composition, pipeline flow, and plant informa¬tion—such that the field is managed in real time through live data feeds. Various forms of this concept are in use through subsurface instrumentation linked to central processing. For example, in the Haradh III field, each well is equipped with a permanent downhole-monitoring system that conveys real-time reservoir data to the surface, where these data are integrated to provide real-time monitoring of the field (Fig. 3). bZgFea_>i
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However, future intelligent fields will be much more sophisticated, moving beyond self-monitoring to become fully self-run (i.e., eventually completely autonomous). The field will gather downhole reservoir data, integrate it with wellhead information and management, run a simulation of the reservoir in real time, derive the optimal production and injection allocations, and send commands to downhole control valves in every well to implement this self-generated production strategy. The field also will analyze the data constantly in real time for effective data mining and control; for example, it can identify wells with water breakthrough by comparing the downhole and surface pressure and tempera¬ture measurements to detect trend anomalies to identify the onset of the flood front. The role of the reservoir engineer in these autonomous fields will be monitoring and oversight rather than intervention and control. ~AcjB(
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油田智能化全自控开发技术
传统的智能油田是指将油田所有相关的储层压力、温度及井口计量等信息进行实时数据采集，通常是将很多长期安装在井下的测控装置和中央处理系统连接，再将指令反馈到各井，实现对油田的生产管理。
未来的智能油田不仅仅是各井的自我监测，而是朝着油田-井完全自控的方向发展。全自控油田将井下储层资料和井口管理信息结合起来实时进行油藏模拟，得出最优的注采化，并向每一口井的井底控制阀发送指令，完成这些自生成的生产策略，还可以时常对这些资料进行实时分析，进行有效的数据开发和控制。
