书名：Evaluation of Drainage-Area Ratio Method
作者：Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5017 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Surve
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abstract：The drainage-area ratio method commonly is used to estimate
streamflow for sites where no streamflow data were collected.
To evaluate the validity of the drainage-area ratio method and to determine if an improved method could be developed
to estimate streamflow, a multiple-regression technique was used to determine if drainage area, main channel slope, and precipitation were significant variables for estimating streamflow
in the Red River of the North Basin. A separate regression analysis was performed for streamflow for each of three seasons--
winter, spring, and summer. Drainage area and summer precipitation were the most significant variables. However, the regression equations generally overestimated streamflows for North Dakota stations and underestimated streamflows for Minnesota
stations. To correct the bias in the residuals for the two groups of stations, indicator variables were included to allow both the intercept and the coefficient for the logarithm of drainage
area to depend on the group. Drainage area was the only significant
variable in the revised regression equations. The exponents
for the drainage-area ratio were 0.85 for the winter season, 0.91 for the spring season, and 1.02 for the summer season.
